What is Traction? Short Notes on Orthopedic Traction.

 In the field of orthopedics, Traction is a widely used technique to treat bone fractures and spinal disorders. It involves using a pulling force to align the bones and promote healing. Let’s understand how it works and why it is important for human recovery."

Definition

Traction is the application of a pulling force to a part of the body. It is primarily used to align broken bones, reduce muscle spasms, and relieve pressure on the skeleton.

Purpose of Traction

Alignment: To pull the ends of a fractured bone into the correct position.

Immobilization: To keep the injured area still so it can heal properly.

Pain Relief: To reduce painful muscle spasms around a fracture.

Deformity Prevention: To prevent or correct physical deformities caused by injury.

Main Types of Traction

There are two primary ways traction is applied to the human body:

1. Skin Traction

In this method, the pulling force is applied directly to the skin using bandages, adhesive tape, or boots.

Usage: It is usually used for short-term treatment and involves lighter weights.

Example: Buck’s Traction, often used for hip fractures.

2. Skeletal Traction

This method involves placing a pin, wire, or screw directly into the bone under anesthesia. The weights are then attached to these pins.

Usage: It is used for long-term treatment and allows for heavier weights.

Example: Used for severe fractures of the Femur (thigh bone).

How it Works?

Traction uses a system of weights, pulleys, and ropes. The weight provides a steady pull, while the body’s own weight acting in the opposite direction (Counter-traction) helps keep the bone in place.